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Sludge Bulking | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Sludge Bulking Sludge bulking is a condition in which activated sludge is poorly settled and incompatible with the environment. The sludge blanket in the sec…
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Gravity Belt Filter Thickeners | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Gravity Belt Filter Thickeners A gravity belt filter thickener works on the same principle as a gravity belt filter press, but there is no pressing action.…
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Gravity Thickeners | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Gravity Thickeners Gravity thickening of wastewater sludges separates solids from the sludges that are being treated. Solids which are heavier than water ar…
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Fats, Oil and Grease | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
FATS, OIL, AND GREASE CONCEPTS Fats, Oil, and Grease, or “FOG,” are a group of organic substances that include hydrocarbons, animal fat and grease, oils, waxes…
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Screening and Shredding | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
SCREENING AND SHREDDING Pretreatment screening protects downstream equipment from problems caused by rags and other solid objects in wastewater. Fine screens a…
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Basic Microbiology of Activated Sludge | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Basic Microbiology of Activated Sludge Organisms Involved Activated sludge is a very complex ecosystem. Many different types of organisms are present and many…
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Nutrient Removal Techniques | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
algae
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algal blooms
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biologically
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chemically
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eutrophication
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ferric chloride
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ferrous sulfate
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hypoxia
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lime
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nitrate
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nitrogen
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Nutrient removal techniques
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ortho-phosphate
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pH
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phosphorous
NUTRIENT REMOVAL TECHNIQUES Nutrient removal generally implies the removal of nitrogen or phosphorous. Nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater effluent can have …
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pH and Alkalinity | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
pH AND ALKALINITY A number of wastewater treatment reactions are pH dependent. The pH of a substance is defined as the inverse of the logarithm of the concen…
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Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Industrial Wastewater Treatment In most cases, wastewater treatment is carried out in a series of well-choreographed stages. These stages are referred to as pr…
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Glossary of Terms and Acronyms | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Glossary of Terms and Acronyms Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) is a term that refers to the process of removing nutrients from the environment (typically n…
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Solids Handling and Disposal | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Solids Handling and Disposal Purpose Excess solids generated during the primary and secondary wastewater treatment processes should be removed and stabilized…
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Disinfection | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Disinfection Purpose Kill or inactivate harmful organisms in the treated effluent before releasing it into the receiving stream. Process Descriptions Chlorin…
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Dissolved Oxygen | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
DISSOLVED OXYGEN In wastewater treatment plants, oxygen is a critical component in the degradation of organic matter. Although the oxygen contained in various …
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Biological Oxygen Demand | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND BOD is an abbreviation for Biological Oxygen Demand and, depending on the source, Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Both terms refer to the a…
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Grit Removal | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
GRIT REMOVAL Grit removal aims to remove heavy inorganics (as well as some organic components) from the waste stream so that they can't harm downstream fac…
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Bacteria | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
BACTERIA Bacteria are microscopic prokaryotic organisms that feed on nutrients dissolved in water and divide into two equal cells via binary fission. Bacteria …
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Biological Nitrification and Denitrification | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Biological Nitrification and Denitrification Nitrogen is removed from wastewater in two steps: biological conversion of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen, f…
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Septic Sludge | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Septic Sludge Septic sludge is defined as any sludge that has become anaerobic and emits a foul odour. Sludge can slowly rise to the surface of vessels such …
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Filamentous Bulking | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Filamentous Bulking Solids Separation Problems By recycling biological solids, the activated sludge process can achieve a high SRT for system stability and eff…
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Chemical Oxygen Demand | Total Organic Carbon | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Chemical Oxygen Demand Concept A wastewater's Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is the total amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize all organics in t…
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Aeration Tank | Activated Sludge Process | Wastewater Treatment Plant
Aeration Tank Operational Control Parameters An operator can optimize the biological treatment process by monitoring the operational contr...
